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List of Autoimmune Diseases —
#305 —
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the synovial lining of joints, causing inflammation, pain, stiffness, and progressive joint damage. It commonly affects the hands, wrists, and knees and can lead to deformities and reduced mobility if untreated.
RA is systemic, meaning it may also involve organs such as the lungs, heart, and eyes. The exact cause is unknown, but genetic predisposition and environmental triggers (e.g., smoking, infections) are associated risk factors. It affects women more often than men and typically begins in middle age.
Early diagnosis and treatment with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) can slow progression and improve quality of life.
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